Granulation is an important process for the production of granular fertilizer, it is not only related to the internal and external quality of granular fertilizer products, but also related to the size of the yield, the cost of high and low, and granulation production process in addition to the physical and chemical properties of the material itself, but also with the form of granulation equipment and mechanical properties are closely related. Granulation process control indicators are mainly the moisture of the material, in general, the material moisture adjustment to 50% ~ 55% more appropriate. Conditional production plant using steam to humidify the material granulation effect is best, followed by hot water granulation is better than cold water granulation. Material moisture will cause large particle size spherical material, material moisture is too small will cause loose sandy powder into low granulation rate. The main types of granulation equipment are disc granulator, drum granulator, extrusion granulator, etc.
Disk GranulatorThe granules made by the disc granulator are round spheres, and the size of the granules is related to the tilting angle of the disc and the amount of water added, which is intuitive to operate, easy to control and adjust, and low cost. It is suitable for small organic fertilizer plants. The disadvantages of the equipment are low output of a single unit, the need for parallel connection of several units requires more conveying equipment, the equipment can not be sealed, dust, dust and exhaust gas spill easily, difficult to control, the pelletizer's skills are relatively high.
Rotary Drum GranulatorThe advantages are large production capacity of single equipment, good confinement, no spillage of dust and exhaust gas, easy to set automatic control of feeding and water spraying, long residence time of material in the cylinder and high granule strength. At present, large and medium-sized fertilizer production plants use drum pelletizing. Some plants also use disc granulators and drum granulators in tandem for secondary granulation, and the results are good.
Extrusion GranulatorThe shape of the granule is mainly made according to the shape of the ball nest on the roller skin, and there is a wide range of options: pillow-shaped, semi-round granule, stick-shaped, pill pill, walnut-shaped, flat sphere and square bar shape.
The extrusion granulator is a dry granulation, the material moisture is less than 20%, and no additional water is needed in the granulation process. After granulation is completed, there is no need to use the dryer for drying, saving investment in equipment and drying energy consumption.
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