1, Promote the activity of soil microorganisms in orchards.It provides the main source of energy for the activity of soil microorganisms in orchards, improves the microbial community in the soil, and is suitable for the growth and reproduction of beneficial bacteria. The reproduction of beneficial bacteria ensures the healthy growth of the root system of fruit trees and reduces root diseases of fruit trees.
2, Increase orchard soil nutrients.Humic acid has the ability to enrich nutrient elements in orchard soil through adsorption, complexation, chelation, ion exchange, or indirectly through activation or inhibition of soil enzymes, which can protect and store nutrient elements. It plays an important role in forming a slow-acting nitrogen source, fixing atmospheric nitrogen, promoting the dissolution of insoluble phosphorus and potassium, and reducing the loss of various nutrients from orchard soils. In general, it can improve orchard soil nutrient use to reduce nutrient loss.
3, Improve orchard soil structure and increase orchard soil water content.Humic acid belongs to humic substances, organic colloidal substances with water absorption and water storage functions, which can influence the nature of orchard soil and promote the formation of a more stable agglomerate structure in orchard soil, increasing the agglomerate content of ≥0.25mm in the soil by 10-20% and the organic matter content by 10%, which can make the soil retain water and increase aeration, which is beneficial to the growth of fruit trees.
About the water storage function of humic acid: As humic acid is a hydrophilic colloid, it has strong water absorption capacity, the maximum water absorption can be more than 500%, the weight of water absorbed from the saturated atmosphere can be more than double its own weight, much larger than the general mineral colloid; mineral humic acid inhibits crop transpiration, which slows down soil water consumption and increases soil water content accordingly.
4, Improve the utilization of fruit tree fertilizer elements.(1) Humic acid can adsorb nitrogen elements in orchard soil, reduce its volatilization and loss, and improve the utilization rate. And it has nitrification inhibition, prolonging the time of being utilized by plants.
(2) Humic acid can inhibit the fixation of phosphorus in the soil, lengthen the distance of phosphorus movement in the soil, delay the conversion of fast-acting phosphorus to late-acting or ineffective phosphorus, improve the utilization rate and fertilization efficiency of phosphorus fertilizer, increase the amount of phosphorus absorbed by crops, and have a solubilizing effect on insoluble phosphorus.
(3) Most of the potassium applied to the soil exists in the form of potassium salts, which cannot be directly absorbed by fruit trees humic acid can reduce the fixation of potassium in the soil, increase the potassium absorption of plants and activate the potential potassium in the soil.
(4) More importantly, humic acid can form complexes or chelates with trace elements, adjust the ratio of large elements to trace elements, strengthen the synthesis of enzymes for sugar, starch, protein and various vitamins, convert polysaccharides into soluble simple sugars, promote the synthesis and accumulation of starch and protein, increase fruit size and sugar content.
5, Humic acid promotes the growth of fruit trees.Due to the redox property of humic acid itself, it can enhance the respiratory strength of fruit tree root system and provide energy for root system life activities. In addition, humic acid contains a variety of active genes, which can enhance the activity of peroxidase and polyphenol oxidase in fruit trees, stimulate the physiological metabolism of plants, promote young trees to develop roots quickly, more roots, developed root system, strong stems, branches and leaves, luxuriant, strong photosynthesis, and accelerate the transfer and absorption of nutrients. Humic acid can also narrow the opening of foliar stomata, which can reduce the evaporation of foliar water and adjust the water volume, so that the water condition in the plant can be improved and ensure the normal growth of fruit trees under drought conditions.