Which Organic Fertilizer is Best for "Orchards"

The application of organic fertilizer is one of the most important material inputs for cultivated orchards, and also an important technical measure. Organic fertilizer can improve the organic matter content of the orchard soil and improve the soil structure. Organic matter content is an important symbol to judge soil fertility, soil organic matter and total nitrogen are positively correlated with fruit sugar content, and total phosphorus and total potassium are positively correlated with sugar-acid ratio. Therefore, the selection of suitable organic fertilizer is an important condition to ensure good growth of fruit trees and improve fruit quality.

I. Application of Farmyard Manure
The application of traditional organic fertilizer has a long history, and so far is still the main practice of most orchards in autumn and winter fertilization. The use of useful compost, chicken manure, cow manure, pig manure, sheep manure and other livestock manure and human feces and urine.

Among them, sheep manure is a natural green fertilizer, which contains 4% to 27% organic matter, more than other livestock manure, rich in nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium nutrients, finer manure, thicker fertilizer, and is a hot fertilizer. Chicken manure is rich in nutrients, especially the crude protein in chicken manure is more, organic matter content reaches 25.5%, through appropriate processing and utilization can become a better green organic fertilizer. Pig manure contains 15% organic matter, the total nutrient content is not high, and the carbon to nitrogen ratio is small (14:1), which is generally easy to be decomposed by microorganisms, releasing nutrients that can be absorbed and used by crops. The organic matter content of cow manure is 14.5%, and the air-dried sample contains 43.6% crude fiber and nearly 1% nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium.

II. Planting Green Manure
Orchard planting green manure can not only increase the content of soil organic matter in orchards, reduce soil water evaporation, regulate soil temperature, improve soil physical and chemical properties, improve nutrient utilization, but also improve the growth of fruit trees themselves, improve orchard yield and quality, greatly reduce labor management intensity, and increase the economic benefits of orchards.

III. The Application of Commercial Organic Fertilizer
The use of livestock and poultry manure, animal and plant residues and other by-product resources rich in organic matter as the main raw material, the fertilizer made by aging and fermentation is called commercial organic fertilizer, which does not include green manure, farmyard manure and farmers own accumulation of organic manure.

IV. The Application of Bio-Organic Fertilizer
Bio-organic fertilizer refers to specific functional microorganisms and mainly plant and animal residues (such as livestock manure, crop straw, etc.) as the source and by harmless treatment, organic material compounded into a class of both microbial fertilizer and organic fertilizer effect of the fertilizer. Because of the addition of Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens and other beneficial bacteria, can decompose the use of plant residues in the soil, so commonly known as "bacterial fertilizer".
Bio-organic fertilizer has complete nutritional elements and can improve the soil, improve the soil sludge caused by the use of chemical fertilizers. Improve the physical and chemical properties of the soil, enhance the ability of the soil to retain water, fertilizer and fertilizer. The beneficial microorganisms enter the soil and form a mutual symbiotic proliferation relationship with the soil microorganisms, inhibit the growth of harmful bacteria and transform into beneficial bacteria, interacting and promoting each other, playing a synergistic role of the group, the beneficial bacteria in the process of growth and reproduction produce a large number of metabolites, promote the decomposition and transformation of organic matter, can directly or indirectly provide a variety of nutrients and stimulating substances for crops, promote and control crop growth. It can directly or indirectly provide a variety of nutrients and stimulating substances for crops, promote and regulate crop growth. Annual application can greatly alleviate continuous crop barriers and reduce environmental pollution, and is an environmentally friendly fertilizer.

In practice, the organic matter content of more than 50% of the biological fertilizer is generally recommended to apply 120 ~ 150 kg per mu as a base fertilizer or chasing fertilizer, which can reduce the use of labor.

V. Strategies and Suggestions
In order to improve the physical and chemical properties of the soil, improve the quality of fruit, produce good fruit, save labor, fertilization labor-saving, labor-saving, it is recommended that in the production of orchards, the use of organic matter content of more than 40% of the high concentration of bio-organic fertilizer as a base fertilizer application in the fall and winter, combined with continuous annual crop turning green manure, growing season is accompanied by an appropriate amount of chemical fertilizer as a supplement, can optimize the type of orchard fertilizer, to create fine and excellent orchards.