Fermentation of Sludge to Make Organic Fertilizer

1,  Material Preparation

(1) Raw materials: livestock manure, sludge, river mud, etc., can be selected according to the needs of planting.

(2) auxiliary materials: a variety of crop straw. Straw crushing length can be selected according to the use of fertilizer. For materials with poor permeability, such as fermented sludge, straw can be processed to 10-15 cm length or not crushed. Any straw should be dry and able to absorb water from manure.

(3) Fermentor standby.

2, Materials

Raw materials and auxiliary materials are proportioned according to 3:1 (the best ratio), the formula (calculated by mass ratio) is 70-85% of livestock manure, 15-30% of auxiliary materials. When the raw and auxiliary materials are mixed, the bacteria are mixed evenly. The main role of auxiliary materials is to adjust the moisture and permeability of the material. The suitable moisture content is about 50%. Judgment method: hold the material with your hand, no dripping, and let go of the material. This state can not only keep the material ventilated, but also meet the needs of micro-life physical activity

3, Production

The raw materials for the above preparation should be stirred with a dump truck. Mixing should be uniform, raw materials, strains and auxiliary materials should be carefully combined and there should be no big lumps.

The materials shall be kept loose and shall not be stacked with feet or shovels. The top should be in the shape of a dome and not covered with impermeable materials. For materials with poor permeability, such as fermented sludge, a number of branches, wooden poles or bamboo tubes can be inserted in the outer layer of the pile to increase the permeability.

To ensure the viability of microorganisms, adequate nutrient sources, proper moisture content and sufficient oxygen supply are three key conditions. Therefore, the moisture content and aeration of the fermentation material must be adjusted. During the fermentation process, the raw materials should be tossed regularly to replenish oxygen. In principle, raw materials should be thrown at least once every two days. The height of the pile should not exceed 1.5m, the width of the pile should not exceed 3M, and the length of the pile is not limited. Fermentation cycle is 10-15 days. When the temperature is low in winter, the fermentation time should be extended appropriately.

4, Piling (Post-Ripening)

After the above raw material fermentation process is completed, it is removed from the fermentation pile and pushed to the post-ripening workshop for piling. In this stage, there is no restriction on pile height, pile width and pile length. The pile height of the material can be increased appropriately to make full use of the site. During this period, the piles are moved every 7-10 days and stacked 2-3 times to complete decomposition. Maturity standard: fermented organic fertilizer is yellowish brown or grayish brown, without maggots and raw manure. No odor, no ammonia smell.